C :

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
	int a,b,c,d,i;
	char str[100];
	while(gets(str))
	{
		a=b=c=d=0;
	  for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++)
	  {
	    if((str[i]>='a'&&str[i]<='z')||(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z'))
	      a++;
		else if(str[i]>='0'&&str[i]<='9')
			b++;
		else if(str[i]==' ')
			c++;
		else d++;
	  }
	 printf("%d %d %d %d\n",a,b,c,d);
	}
	return 0;
}

C++ :

#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//ifstream cin("aaa.txt");
	int i,j,n,m,x1,x2,x3,x4,len;
	x1=x2=x3=x4=0;
	string s;
	getline(cin,s);
	len=s.size();
	for(i=0;i<len;i++)
	{
		if(isalpha(s[i])) x1++;
		else if(s[i]==' ') x2++;
		else if(isdigit(s[i])) x3++;
		else x4++;
	}
	cout<<x1<<" "<<x3<<" "<<x2<<" "<<x4<<endl;
	


return 0;
}
	

Java :

import java.util.Scanner;
 
public class  Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner cin= new Scanner(System.in);
        while (cin.hasNext()) {
            String  a = cin.nextLine();
            int letterCounter = 0;
            int digitCounter = 0;
            int spaceCounter = 0;
            int otherCounter = 0;
            char[] charArray = a.toCharArray();
            for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) {
                if (Character.isLetter(charArray[i])) {
                    letterCounter++;
                } else if (Character.isDigit(charArray[i])) {
                    digitCounter++;
                } else if (Character.isSpaceChar(charArray[i])) {
                    spaceCounter++;
                } else {
                    otherCounter++;
                }
            }
            System.out.println(letterCounter + " " + digitCounter + " " + spaceCounter+ " " + otherCounter);
        }
    }
}